解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Agitation is a significant problem in the intensive care unit (ICU), affecting 71% of sedated adult patients during 58% of ICU patient-days (Fraser and Riker 2001 NY Health-Syst. Pharm. 20 17-24). Subjective scale-based assessment methods are currently used to assess the level of patient agitation, but are limited in ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/25/4/020
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In nine healthy subjects, magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure blood flow waveforms in the common (CCA), internal (ICA) and external (ECA) carotid arteries. Useful data were acquired from 14 carotid arteries in total. Flow rates were determined from regions of interest placed over the arteries in CINE-phase ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/25/3/009
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Easily applicable and inexpensive water-specific techniques to evaluate local oedema, swollen tissue problems and fluid retention in humans are not available. In the present investigation a recently constructed non-invasive device for a local measurement of changes in tissue water in human skin and subcutaneous fat (S...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/25/2/004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nasal obstruction is common and may disturb well-being during daytime and sleep. Its objective assessment by standard methods requires patient cooperation and inconvenient instrumentation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a novel, unobtrusive technique for continuous monitoring of changes in nasal c...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/25/2/014
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new method for the measurement of pulmonary gas exchange during inhalational anaesthesia is described which measures fresh gas and exhaust gas flows using carbon dioxide as an extractable marker gas. The theoretical precision of the method was compared by Monte Carlo modelling with other approaches which use marker ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/25/1/001
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has previously been shown that extreme changes in ambient air temperature can affect whole-body bioelectrical impedance. The purpose of this study was to determine if more moderate changes in ambient air temperature, such as those experienced in most laboratory settings, would also affect bioelectric impedance anal...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/25/1/011
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new image reconstruction algorithm is proposed to visualize static conductivity images of a subject in magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT). Injecting electrical current into the subject through surface electrodes, we can measure the induced internal magnetic flux density B = (Bx, By, Bz) using...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/25/1/030
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The holy grail of neuroimaging would be to have an imaging system, which could image neuronal electrical activity over milliseconds. One way to do this would be by imaging the impedance changes associated with ion channels opening in neuronal membranes in the brain during activity. In principle, we could measure this ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/25/1/040
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastro-oesophageal pH measurements are routinely carried out to quantify and determine if levels of acid reflux are responsible for symptoms. Although considered the 'gold standard', evidence suggests that pH measurements do not correlate well with the degree of oesophagitis seen during endoscopy. In this study the cu...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/24/4/006
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes of the heart autonomic balance between morning (8-9 h) and afternoon (14-15 h) measurements were studied in 22 healthy subjects. The selection of these two daytime periods was substantiated by the established higher risk of cardiovascular incidents in the morning and the relative balance of the vegetative nerv...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/24/3/309
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is a major cause of disability within the western world. About 20% of strokes are a consequence of atheromatous narrowing of the origin of the internal carotid artery. Carotid endarterectomy has been shown to be an effective treatment for those with symptomatic and severe stenosis, provided the risk of death an...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/24/2/310
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A finite difference model of the human thorax with 113,400 control volumes (nodes) based on ECG gated MRI images was used to evaluate the Sheffield DAS-01P EIT system. Sixteen simulated electrode positions equally spaced around the thorax model at approximately the fourth intercostals space level were selected. Pairs ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/24/2/357
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) we inject currents through electrodes placed on the surface of a subject and try to reconstruct cross-sectional resistivity (or conductivity) images using internal magnetic flux density as well as boundary voltage measurements. In this paper we present a st...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/24/2/367
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study of the concentrations of the common breath metabolites ammonia, acetone, isoprene, ethanol and acetaldehyde in the breath of five subjects over a period of 30 days has been carried out. Breath samples were taken and analysed in the early morning on arrival at the laboratory. The real time analyses of three con...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/24/1/308
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electroneurograms (ENGs) from the vagus nerve (VN), the splanchnic nerve (SN) and the pancreatic nerve (PN) innervating the pancreas of a dog, were recorded with chronically implanted 33-electrode spiral cuffs (cuff) before and after the pancreas were stimulated with intravenously (i.v.) administered glucose. In the c...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/23/4/309
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A photoacoustic technique is used for studying topically applied substance absorption in human skin. The proposed method utilizes a double-chamber PA cell. The absorption determination was obtained through the measurement of the thermal effusivity of the binary system substance-skin. The theoretical model assumes that...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/23/3/304
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plethysmographic measurement of airway resistance (R(aw)) has been determined by single-point analysis, usually at 50% of maximum inspiratory flow (MIF). Computer-assisted (best fit) analysis, however, allows R(aw) to be calculated by applying a regression line to any portion of the plethysmograph pressure-flow loop. ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/23/2/304
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recently-introduced technique of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) for heart-rate variability appears to yield improved prognostic power in cardiovascular disease through calculation of the fractal scaling exponent alpha. However, the physiological meaning of alpha remains unclear. In DFA, the signal is segment...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/23/2/314
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The literature concerning measurement of spatial resolution in electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is vague. Different groups often use their own method or a modified version of a better known method, thus hindering a generalized resolution measurement which could be useful for gauging the performance of one system ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/23/1/316
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of a preliminary clinical evaluation of a one-frequency electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system enabling static in vivo imaging are presented. The design of the measuring system and image reconstruction software are described. Thirty-one subjects were examined and divided into four clinical groups. Th...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/23/1/304
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gamma fit facilitates smoothing and extrapolation of distorted tracer-dilution curves in blood flow studies. Theoretically based empirical estimators were developed as simple alternatives to direct regression approaches from simulated gamma distributions with a wide range of shape asymmetry. Key curve features of pe...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/22/4/401
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urinary catheters (drainage tubes) are in widespread use. The most common type of long-term catheter is the Foley, which is made from natural or synthetic rubber. Foley catheters are passed into the bladder via the urethra or the suprapubic puncture channel (through the abdominal wall). A simulator for the abdominal w...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/22/3/308
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several factors affect the viability of biosensor design. A computer-based model is being developed to enable the sources and effect of noise and variability within the sensor to be analysed. The work now presented details the modelling of the biochemical aspect of the biosensor model-the immunoassay. The equilibrium ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/22/3/318
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The widening application of automatic external defibrillators (AEDs) presents very strong requirements for external electrocardiogram (ECG) signal analysis. Highly accurate detection of shockable rhythms is required, aimed to approach the maximum of 100% sensitivity and specificity. In a previous study the performance...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/22/2/302
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gated SPECT (GSPECT) was evaluated for the measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by comparing with equilibrium gated radionuclide ventriculography (RNVG). A total of 99 subjects underwent GSPECT and RNVG imaging. All studies were acquired in list mode with GSPECT studies processed to give 16- and 8-...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/22/2/312
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we present the T-SCAN technology and its use as a diagnostic tool for breast cancer detection. We show, using theoretical models with simplified geometries, that displaying planar two-dimensional maps of the currents detected at the breast's surface relate to the electric field distribution within the br...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/22/1/301
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we present the concept, the design and the test procedure for a DSP-based high-precision and high-performance wide-band (up to 10 MHz) bioimpedance analyser module for application in EIT or bioimpedance spectroscopy. The module implements a digital concept with appropriate signal conditioning hardware fo...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/22/1/303
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::If electrical impedance tomography is to be used as a clinical tool, the image reconstruction algorithms must yield accurate images of impedance changes. One of the keys to producing an accurate reconstructed image is the inclusion of prior information regarding the physical geometry of the object. To achieve this, ma...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/22/1/308
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Balance is the ability to maintain equilibrium while sitting or standing. There are a number of different methods which are used to assess balance: technical methods such as sway magnetometry, ataxia meter and force platforms, and clinical methods such as the functional reach test, Berg balance test and fall risk inde...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/21/4/309
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to interpret sleep monitoring signals is described. Recordings from ten infants with apparent life threatening episodes were assigned into training feedforward R-PROP networks. In order to separate good signal from artefact, 60 second time frames of SaO2 and TcPO2 signals w...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/21/3/401
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was done to introduce new parameters derived by time frequency analysis of heart rate variability data. Four simulation experiments were carried out to compare the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) analysis method to the traditional overall spectral analysis method. Sinusoidal signals were generated with ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/21/2/303
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In electrical impedance tomography (EIT) two-dimensional models continue to be applied despite their known inability to provide correct reconstruction. In this paper, a reconstruction algorithm that assumes a translationally invariant conductivity distribution is described. A more precise forward solver is obtained by...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/21/1/308
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transthoracic electrical impedance is an important defibrillation parameter, affecting the defibrillating current amplitude and energy, and therefore the defibrillation efficiency. A close relationship between transthoracic impedance and defibrillation success rate was observed. Pre-shock measurements (using low a...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/21/1/318
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cycling on an ergometer is one effective means of measuring cardiovascular function while applying stress on the heart. Bathing in a hot water bath applies a low stress to the heart. The electrocardiograms of a healthy adult male (aged 35 at the start of study) were recorded while taking a hot water bath with no elect...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/20/4/304
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arterial pCO2 is known to influence cerebral autoregulation but its effect on the dynamic relationship between mean arterial blood pressure (ABP) and mean cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV), obtained from spontaneous fluctuations in ABP, has not been established. In 16 normal subjects, ABP was measured non-invasively...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/20/3/304
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-nine patients were monitored overnight for breathing distress patterns during postoperative analgesia. Nasal flow apnoea monitoring and pulse oximetry data were recorded at 50 Hz. Respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) tracked tidal volume (TV) thoracoabdominal motion, and supplemented the flow monitoring ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/20/2/307
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temporal changes in the impedance spectra of bioelectrodes in contact with skin provide useful data for comparisons between differing electrode materials and skin preparation methods. Traditional impedance measuring systems employ swept frequency methods which will distort results in the impedance spectra of a sample ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/20/1/008
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skinfold anthropometry is a widely practiced technique often with little appreciation of its limitations. The large residual error appearing in any regressions of body density versus sums of skinfolds is primarily due to biological causes, in particular the non-constancy of the ratio of subcutaneous to total body fat....
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/19/3/008
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The postural stability of 30 normal subjects in the age range 15 to 64 years was measured on five separate occasions, using the sway magnetometry technique, to determine the day-to-day repeatability of this measurement technique. On each occasion the pathlength and area enclosed by movement of the hips in a horizontal...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/19/2/003
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a recent imaging technique based on electrical impedance, offering the possibility of measuring pulmonary perfusion. In the present study the influence of several pulmonary haemodynamical parameters on the EIT signal were investigated. First, the influence on the systolic wave ...
journal_title:Physiological measurement
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0967-3334/19/2/013
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00